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Home > BLOG > The life calculation of aluminum electrolytic capacitor and the detailed analysis of related factors

The life calculation of aluminum electrolytic capacitor and the detailed analysis of related factors

December 26,2022

1, Aluminum electrolytic capacitor life by the use of conditions is very large

Such as the use of temperature, humidity, vibration, added voltage, ripple and so on. The failure rate (λ) ofaluminum electrolytic capacitorsis shown in the diagram below. The early failure of a product due to environmental or product problems occurred shortly after the product was used, and the product was in the stabilizer, failure does not occur easily during accidental failure and the wear fault time increases after the product is used to its life.

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2. Service temperature and life.

The life of aluminum electrolytic capacitors varies with the service temperature. The life of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is generally below the maximum guaranteed temperature (above 40 ° C) , and the life of aluminum electrolytic capacitors increases by 2 times with every 10 ° C decrease. This is determined by the difference in the rate at which the electrolyte volatilizes outward through the sealing material as a function of temperature

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3. The negative electrode of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor

It will turn into a skin film when the negative electrode of the capacitor is subjected to reverse voltage. This phenomenon is the same as being overvoltage phenomenon, products heat and produce gas, resulting in burst edge rupture. When the added back pressure is more than 10V, it will burst in a short time. But when the back pressure is small, the bursting edge does not break, resulting in product capacity reduction, loss rise, resulting in shorter capacitor life.

4. Ripple current and life

1) RIPPLE current and heating, aluminum electrolytic capacitor compared with other capacitors, its loss is larger, so when adding RIPPLE internal heating, temperature rise, greatly affect the product life

2) the frequency guarantee coefficient, thealuminum electrolytic capacitorchanges with the frequency equivalent impedance (ESR) value, so it also changes according to the allowable value of frequency ripple. Aluminum electrolytic capacitor in general at 120 Hz mark the allowable value of ripple, and frequency rise ripple value is larger, frequency down, ripple value is smaller. The following is the relationship between the frequency and the guarantee coefficient of the 68-680 ΜF RD series:

3) the limit value of center temperature of aluminum electrolytic capacitor, with the ripple added, the center of the element heats up. When the temperature rises, the aluminum electrolytic capacitor has the maximum allowable value according to the surrounding temperature. In the following chart, for example, the rule of twice life below 40 ° C does not apply to the 105 ° C warranty, so the life prediction can only be applied above 40 ° C.


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